1. Things to Know before You Go
The Forbidden City, also known as the Palace Museum, is situated in central Beijing, approximately 1 kilometer north of Tiananmen Square and facing the south gate of Jingshan Park. Spanning 753 meters wide from east to west and 961 meters long from north to south, it covers an area of 720,000 square meters, making it the largest palatial complex in the world and recognized as the foremost among the "Five Great Palaces of the World," which include the Palace of Versailles in France, Buckingham Palace in England, the Kremlin in Russia, and the White House in the United States.
Construction of the Forbidden City began in 1406 under the order of Emperor Yongle (Zhu Di) of the Ming Dynasty and was largely completed in 1420. The project mobilized millions of laborers and integrated Confucian rituals with Taoist cosmological principles, epitomizing imperial ideology. All structures within the complex are meticulously aligned along a central axis, with symmetrical eastern and western layouts reflecting strict hierarchical order.
As a supreme symbol of imperial power, the Forbidden City stands as an enduring testament to the zenith of China's feudal dynasties. For nearly five centuries, it served as the political and ceremonial heart of the Ming and Qing dynasties, housing 24 emperors and embodying their "Mandate of Heaven" and autocratic authority until the fall of the Qing Dynasty in 1912. Following the expulsion of China's last emperor, Puyi, in 1924, the complex was officially renamed the "Palace Museum" (Gugong) in 1925, meaning "the former imperial palace."
Today, as China's most culturally rich museum, the Palace Museum showcases the pinnacle of ancient Chinese architecture. Its iconic yellow-glazed tiles, crimson walls, dougong brackets, and soaring eaves exemplify the philosophy of "harmony between heaven and humanity." Housing over 1.8 million artifacts—including ceramics, paintings, calligraphy, jade, and imperial treasures—the museum safeguards approximately one-sixth of China's state-owned cultural relics. Each year, it attracts tons of visitors at home and abroad, offering a profound glimpse into China's imperial legacy and artistic brilliance.
2. Why is the Forbidden City so Special?
2.1 Architectural Features
As the most intact and expansive ancient wooden architectural complex in China and the world, the Forbidden City covers approximately 720,000 square meters, with a built-up area of about 150,000 square meters. It encompasses over 70 grand halls and 9,000 rooms, including the Three Great Halls (Taihe Dian太和殿, Zhonghe Dian中和殿, and Baohe Dian保和殿), the Three Rear Palaces (Qianqing Gong乾清宫 Jiaotai Dian交泰殿, and Kunning Gong坤宁宫), and the Six Eastern and Western Palaces. These structures are broadly divided into two sections: the southern Outer Court (work area for state affairs) and the northern Inner Court (residential area for the imperial family). North of the Inner Court lies the Imperial Garden, a meticulously designed retreat for royal leisure.
Symmetry and Central Axis Design
The complex is symmetrically arranged along a north-south central axis, with core structures like Taihe Dian (Hall of Supreme Harmony) and Qianqing Gong (Palace of Heavenly Purity) anchoring the layout. This axial symmetry reflects the Confucian emphasis on hierarchical order and cosmic harmony.
Outer Court vs. Inner Court
Outer Court: Comprising the Three Great Halls, this ceremonial and administrative zone hosted grand rituals, coronations, and imperial audiences.
Inner Court: Centered on the Three Rear Palaces, this private residential area housed the emperor, empress, and concubines, embodying the secluded sanctity of imperial life.
Defensive System
The Forbidden City is encircled by 10-meter-high walls and a 52-meter-wide moat, forming an impregnable fortress. Its four corners feature ornate watchtowers (角楼), renowned for their intricate design described in folklore as “Nine Beams, Eighteen Pillars, and Seventy-Two Ridges.” The four main gates—Meridian Gate (Wumen 午门), Gate of Divine Might (Shenwumen 神武门), East Glorious Gate (Donghuamen 东华门), and West Glorious Gate (Xihuamen 西华门)—strictly adhere to the ancient imperial protocol of “Three Courts and Five Gates.”
Specialized Structures
Watchtowers : These corner towers blend defensive utility with aesthetic grandeur, exemplifying the pinnacle of the Forbidden City’s architectural craftsmanship.
Fuwangge (Pavilion of Soaring View) and Juanqinzhai (Studio of Exhaustion from Diligent Service): Located in the Inner Court, these structures display extravagant Qing-era artistry, featuring panoramic murals, bamboo silk inlays, and intricate carvings that epitomize Emperor Qianlong’s patronage of luxury and innovation.
Broadly speaking, the Forbidden City’s architectural brilliance lies in its synthesis of ritual principles, artistic excellence, and philosophical depth, so it ultimately stands as both the culmination of ancient architectural techniques and a spiritual symbol of Chinese civilization.
2.2 Architecture of the Forbidden City
The Forbidden City embodies the harmonious interplay of strength and subtlety in Eastern philosophy, embodying the essence of traditional Chinese palatial architecture. This is reflected in its wooden framework, symbolic color schemes, mythical guardian statues, and profound cultural ethos. As the saying goes, "To decipher China, one must decode the Forbidden City—it is not a static relic but a living chronicle etched in wood and stone, with power as its ink."
Wooden Structure
Built entirely with mortise-and-tenon joints (interlocking wooden pieces) without using a single nail. The tiered dougong brackets (interlocking wooden supports) not only bear the weight of the roofs but also dissipate seismic forces, ensuring structural resilience against earthquakes.
Color Symbolism
The dominant vermilion walls symbolize joy, nobility, and auspiciousness, while yellow glazed tiles represent imperial authority and the centrality of the emperor as the ruler of the "Middle Kingdom."
Material Excellence
Precious materials like golden wood (a rare, rot-resistant timber) and white marble were reserved for key structures. The glazed tiles, fired through meticulous techniques, retain their brilliance even after centuries.
Mythical Guardian Statues
Rooftops are adorned with ridge ornaments (脊兽) believed to ward off evil. The eleven mythical creatures on the roof of the Hall of Supreme Harmony (Taihe Dian) symbolize the emperor’s divine authority as the "Son of Heaven" (九五神性).
Decorative Arts
Lavish carvings, Suzhou-style murals (e.g., the panoramic paintings in Juanqinzhai 倦勤斋), and gilded motifs adorn beams, pillars, and doorways. Windows and railings feature intricate patterns of dragons, phoenixes, and floral designs, embodying auspicious themes.
Cultural and Spiritual Significance
Grandeur and Authority: The vast scale (720,000 square meters) and rigid symmetry of the complex create an overwhelming spatial hierarchy, reinforcing the sacred inviolability of imperial power.
Harmony Between Heaven and Humanity: Integration with nature is evident in the Imperial Garden’s artificial hills and winding streams, as well as designs like the Xishang Pavilion (禊赏亭), where a meandering water channel reflects the ancient philosophical concept of unity with the cosmos (天人合一).
In essence, the Forbidden City transcends mere architecture, it is a manifestation of China’s cosmological ideals, artistic mastery, and the enduring legacy of imperial ideology.
2.3 Tangible Benefits Bring to Tourists
The Core Testament of Chinese Civilization
As the imperial palace for 24 emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties, the Forbidden City preserves over 500 years of feudal political systems, court rituals, and power transitions, serving as a "living textbook" for studying ancient Chinese society. Key historical events, such as "Kangxi’s Coup Against Oboi" and "Qianlong’s Abdication," unfolded within its walls, allowing visitors to viscerally experience the enduring resonance of these pivotal moments.
Multidimensional Presentation of Cultural Artifacts
The museum’s 1.86 million artifacts—including paintings, ceramics, jade carvings, and calligraphy—systematically trace the evolution of Chinese art. Masterpieces like Along the River During the Qingming Festival 清明上河图 and the Golden "Eternal Stability" Chalice 金瓯永固杯 act as keys to unlocking the cultural and spiritual codes of Chinese civilization.
The Pinnacle of Architectural Artistry
Synthesis of Ancient Building Techniques
Spanning 720,000 square meters, the Forbidden City embodies the philosophy of "harmony between heaven and humanity." The dougong brackets (interlocking wooden supports) of the Three Great Halls and the iconic yellow-glazed tiles and vermilion walls represent the zenith of traditional Chinese architecture. Decorative details, such as rooftop mythical beasts and Hexi-style painted beams, seamlessly merge functionality with aesthetic brilliance.
Paragon of Spatial Aesthetics
The central axis symmetry and functional zoning (outer court for governance, inner court for residence) reflect both the supremacy of imperial authority and the philosophical principles of yin-yang balance and the Five Elements, making it a physical manifestation of Eastern spatial harmony.
Educational and Enlightenment Roles
Immersive Classroom for Historical Understanding
Through on-site exploration and digital exhibits, visitors engage with topics like the imperial examination system and sacrificial rituals, constructing a holistic framework for understanding China’s historical and cultural legacy.
Cultivation of Artistic Sensibility
The complex’s color palette (yellow tiles, crimson walls, white marble terraces) and the craftsmanship of artifacts (e.g., cloisonné enamel techniques) subtly elevate visitors’ appreciation of traditional aesthetics.
Family Education and Cultural Heritage
Igniting Youthful Historical Curiosity
Interactive tours, treasure hunts, and role-playing activities (e.g., "Junior Palace Architect") encourage children to actively explore history while fostering awareness of cultural preservation.
Reviving Traditional Cultural DNA
Seasonal events tied to the 24 Solar Terms and hands-on workshops in intangible heritage skills—such as kesi silk tapestry and kingfisher feather inlay—help younger generations reconnect with their roots, fulfilling the mission to "bring cultural relics to life" across generations.
To sum up, the Forbidden City transcends its role as a museum, acting as a bridge between China’s imperial past and its dynamic cultural future—a space where history breathes, art inspires, and identity is continually rekindled.
Spiritual Value Elevation
Embodiment of National Confidence
As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Forbidden City’s meticulous preservation and revitalization exemplify the Chinese nation’s resolve to safeguard its cultural roots, reinforcing public pride in its civilizational legacy. Its role as a "living symbol" of cultural continuity aligns with the systemic integration of China’s historical, revolutionary, and socialist values, as emphasized in the construction of a cohesive civilizational identity.
Bridge for Cross-Civilizational Dialogue
Artifacts like the Western Clock Collection and European-inspired murals in Juanqinzhai 倦勤斋 bear witness to Sino-foreign cultural exchanges during the Ming and Qing dynasties. These historical testimonies provide a framework for contemporary global cultural dialogue, resonating with the principle of "harmony in diversity" that underpins China’s inclusive civilizational ethos.
Conclusion
The Forbidden City’s significance transcends its architectural grandeur. Through immersive cultural engagement, it fosters historical memory preservation, aesthetic refinement, and collective national spirit, serving as both a guardian of China’s civilizational DNA and a dynamic catalyst for global cultural exchange.
3. What to See & Do in the Forbidden City
3.1 Cultural Exploration and Artistic Experiences
Featured Exhibitions
Themed Galleries: Explore the Ceramics Gallery in Wuying Hall, the Furniture Gallery west of the Meridian Gate (Wu Men), and the Treasure Gallery in the Eastern Six Palaces, unveiling Ming and Qing court artistry. Special exhibitions like "Splendor on the Palace Walls: Qing Dynasty Hanging Screens" in the Palace of Heavenly Purity (Qianqing Gong) highlight intricate gold-threaded kesi tapestries and court screen craftsmanship.
Cultural Souvenirs & Stamp Collecting
Purchase Forbidden City-themed fridge magnets, Imperial Cat figurines, and other creative merchandise. Collect royal-themed stamps at designated spots like Chuxiu Palace and the Ice Cellar Bookstore.
3.2 Interactive Adventures & Hidden Gems
Treasure Hunts: Seek out the sundial, grain measure, bronze crane, and bronze tortoise outside the Hall of Supreme Harmony (Taihe Dian). Challenge yourself to count the ten mythical roof beasts on palace eaves or follow clues from the Daily Forbidden City app for a cultural relic in the scavenger hunt.
Palace Cats & Seasonal Delights: Spot resident cats near the Hall of Joyful Longevity (Yihe Xuan颐和轩), the Treasure Gallery, or the Imperial Garden between 3-4 PM. In autumn, photograph persimmon trees (symbolizing "all things auspicious").
3.3 Historical Trails & Classic Routes
Imperial Ceremonial Spaces: Wander through the Three Great Halls (Taihe, Zhonghe, Baohe) in the Outer Court and the Three Rear Palaces (Qianqing, Jiaotai, Kunning) in the Inner Court to experience royal rituals.
Secret Pathways: Discover lesser-known sites like the Palace of Longevity and Health (Shoukang Gong 寿康宫), famed as a dramatic backdrop of imperial intrigues, or glimpse the mystique of off-limits areas like the "Yin-Yang Path."
3.4 Culinary Delights & Relaxation
Royal-Inspired Treats: Savor ridge beast-shaped ice pops at the Ice Cellar Restaurant, sip "Three Thousand Beauties Milk Tea" at the Corner Tower Café, or enjoy auspicious animal-shaped pastries at Kunning Dongyuan 坤宁东院.
Viral-Worthy Snaps: Grab photogenic ridge beast ice cream near the Ice Cellar or Treasure Gallery.
Summer Escapes: Cool off amid lotus displays in the Imperial Garden or relax at eco-friendly compost flower beds with newly added summer seating.
Practical Tips
Ticketing & Entry: Book tickets via the official mini-program 7 days in advance. Avoid crowds by arriving before 8:30 AM or after 1 PM.
Guided Tours & Routes: Rent an audio guide (20 RMB) for in-depth historical insights. Enter swiftly via Donghua Gate or the Workers’ Cultural Palace entrance.
From artisanal crafts to hidden courtyards, the Forbidden City invites visitors to unravel its layers of history, artistry, and whimsy—one imperial cat, rooftop beast, or persimmon tree at a time.
4. How to Get to the Forbidden City
4.1 Transportation Guide to the Forbidden City
By Subway
Subway Line 1
Tian’anmen East Station (Exit B) or Tian’anmen West Station (Exit B): Walk 10 minutes to the Wu Men (Meridian Gate) entrance. Note: Requires passing through Tian’anmen Square security checks (long queues during holidays).
Express Entry (Avoiding Security Checks)
Tian’anmen East Station (Exit B): Walk south along Nanchizi Street (南池子大街站 ) to the East Gate of Beijing Workers’ Cultural Palace (北京劳动人民文化宫) (2 RMB). Exit via its West Gate to reach Wu Men directly (10-minute walk, bypasses Tian’anmen checks).
Tian’anmen West Station (Exit B): Walk to the West Gate of Zhongshan Park (3 RMB). Exit via its East Gate to reach Wu Men, avoiding Tian’anmen security check.
Alternative Routes
Jinyu Hutong Station (金鱼胡同站) (Exit C, Subway Line 8): Walk west to Donghua Gate (东华门), then follow the moat to Wu Men (15-minute walk).
By Bus
To Wu Men (South Entrance)
Tian’anmen East Station: Bus No 1, No 120, No 2, No 52, No 82, No Night 1, Sightseeing Lines 1/2. Walk to Wu Men after alighting.
Tian’anmen West Station: Bus No 1, No 5, No 52, No Night 1. Follow same walking route as above.
From Shenwu Men (North Exit)
Shenwu Men Station: Trolleybus No 101, No 103, No 109, No 124, or buses No 58, No Night 13. Depart easily after your visit.
Pro Tip: Take Subway Line 8 to Jinyu Hutong Station (Exit C) and walk via Donghua Gate to bypass Tian’anmen security.
Taxi/Private Car
Donghua Gate or Xihua Gate: Set your drop-off near Donghuamen Street or Beichizi Street (北池子大街), then walk along the moat to Wu Men (avoids security checks).
Mumianhua Hotel: Taxi to the hotel, then walk directly to Wu Men without detouring through security.
Walking & Cycling
Walking Route: From Tian’anmen Square, walk 15 minutes to Wu Men via Duan Gate and Tian’anmen Tower (ideal for leisurely visits).
Cycling: Ride shared bikes to Donghua/Xihua Gate areas, but note cycling is prohibited within the palace grounds.
Key Tips
Avoid Crowds: Arrive before 10 AM or after 1 PM for shorter queues and prioritize express routes.
Post-Visit Transit: Use Shenwu Men Exit for buses/taxis, avoiding return crowds at Wu Men.
Nearby Attractions: After exiting Shenwu Men, walk to Jingshan Park for a panoramic view of the Forbidden City.
Plan smartly to dodge crowds and security hassles—your gateway to imperial history awaits!
4.2 Opening Time & Ticket Information
Address: No.4 Jingshan Front Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing 北京市东城区景山前街4号
Opening Hours
Regular Opening
Off-season (November–March): 8:30 AM–4:30 PM (last entry at 3:30 PM).
Peak season (April–October): 8:30 AM–5:00 PM (last entry at 4:10 PM).
Closed on Mondays (except national holidays).
Unexpected Closures: The Palace Museum may close temporarily due to major events in Tian’anmen Square. Check the official website 3 days in advance for updates.
Recommended Visit Duration
3–4 hours: Covers the Central Axis + Six Eastern/Western Palaces.
5–6 hours: Includes the Treasure Gallery, Clock & Watch Gallery, and special exhibitions.
Off-Peak Visiting Tips
Enter before 8:30 AM or after 1:00 PM to avoid crowds.
Suited to: History buffs, students, families, artists, and international travelers
Ticket Booking
Platforms: Reserve via the Palace Museum’s official website or mini-program.
Real-name registration required.
Time slots:
Morning tickets: Valid for entry before 12:00 PM.
Afternoon tickets: Valid for entry after 11:00 AM.
Tickets cannot be used across time slots.
Booking Tips
Reserve 7 days in advance during peak season, afternoon tickets are easier to secure.
Ticket Prices
Off-season: 40 RMB/person.
Peak season: 60 RMB/person.
Special Galleries
Treasure Gallery & Clock & Watch Gallery: 10 RMB/person (same price year-round).
Discounts & Free Admission
Half-price Tickets:
Undergraduate students and below (aged 18+).
Seniors aged 60+ (with ID card ).
Free Admission
Chinese citizens under 18 (reservation required).
Disabled visitors and retired veterans (with valid certificates).
Entry Requirements
Valid ID: Original ID card, passport, or equivalent must be scanned for entry.
Prohibited Items: Lighters, selfie sticks, tripods, etc., must be stored in lockers.
So plan ahead, dodge the crowds, and immerse yourself in six centuries of imperial grandeur!
5. Highlights of the Forbidden City
The Forbidden City Layout: Outer Court, Inner Court, and Six Eastern/Western Palaces
5.1 Outer Court (Front Three Halls)
Location: Along the central axis in the southern section of the Forbidden City. From south to north: Hall of Supreme Harmony (Taihe Dian太和殿), Hall of Central Harmony (Zhonghe Dian中和殿), and Hall of Preserving Harmony (Baohe Dian保和殿). These halls were the ceremonial and political core of the Ming and Qing dynasties.
Architectural Grandeur: Built on a three-tiered white marble terrace (85,000 m² total area), forming a majestic "工"-shaped layout, symbolizing imperial supremacy.
Hall of Supreme Harmony (Taihe Dian太和殿)
Function: Hosted coronations, imperial weddings, grand ceremonies (e.g., New Year's Day, Winter Solstice), and state affairs.
Features: Largest and highest-ranking hall, housing the Dragon Throne and the "Zhengda Guangming" (正大光明) plaque inscribed by Emperor Shunzhi.
Hall of Central Harmony (Zhonghe Dian 中和殿)
Function: Resting area for emperors before ceremonies; reviewed ritual texts, agricultural tools, and stored imperial archives (e.g., jade genealogy records).
Hall of Preserving Harmony (Baohe Dian保和殿)
Ming Use: Emperor’s dressing hall.
Qing Use: Venue for imperial examinations (post-Qianlong era).
Symbolism: Stone carvings of dragons, sundials, and bronze cranes symbolize eternal rule.
Current Status: Open to visitors, showcasing Qing-era imperial rituals and architectural mastery.
5.2 Inner Court (Rear Three Palaces)
Location: Along the central axis north of the Outer Court, leading to the Imperial Garden, including Palace of Heavenly Purity (Qianqing Gong), Hall of Union (Jiaotai Dian), and Palace of Earthly Tranquility (Kunning Gong 坤宁宫).
Layout: Rectangular complex (220m long, 120m wide) with 420 rooms in enclosed courtyard style.
Palace of Heavenly Purity (Qianqing Gong 乾清宫)
Function: Emperor’s residence and daily governance hub (e.g., meetings with officials, reviewing petitions).
Architecture: Double-eaved hip roof with yellow glazed tiles; houses the "Zhengda Guangming" plaque.
Hall of Union (Jiaotai Dian 交泰殿)
Function: Empress’s ceremonial space for major festivals; stored the 25 Imperial Seals (Qianlong era onward).
Symbolism: Name derives from the Book of Changes ("harmony between heaven and earth").
Palace of Earthly Tranquility (Kunning Gong 坤宁宫)
Function: Empress’s residence; used as the imperial wedding chamber for child emperors.
Symbolism: Represents the empress’s role in maintaining harmony.
Decoration: Yellow tiles, dragon-phoenix motifs, and a caisson ceiling with twin phoenixes in Jiaotai Dian.
Status: Open to visitors, displaying Qing-era imperial life and governance.
5.3 Eastern Six Palaces
Location: East of the central axis in the Inner Court, it includes Jingren Palace, Chengqian Palace, Zhongcui Palace, Jingyang Palace, Yonghe Palace, and Yanxi Palace—residences for imperial consorts.
Key Palaces
Jingren Palace (景仁宫): Birthplace of Emperor Kangxi and home to mothers of emperors.
Chengqian Palace (承乾宫): "First Palace" of the Eastern Six, reserved for high-ranking consorts (currently under renovation until 2027).
Yanxi Palace (延禧宫): Known for the TV drama Story of Yanxi Palace partially destroyed by fires.
Modern Use
Jingyang Palace (景阳宫): Hosts exhibitions on donated cultural relics.
Zhongcui Palace (钟粹宫): Displays jade artifacts (closed to the public).
5.4 Western Six Palaces
Location: West of the central axis, mirroring the Eastern Six Palaces. Includes Yongshou Palace, Yikun Palace, Chuxiu Palace, Xianfu Palace, Changchun Palace, and Qixiang Palace (Taiji Dian).
Key Palaces
Chuxiu Palace (储秀宫): Restored to its 1884 state for Empress Dowager Cixi’s 50th birthday, featuring lavish carvings and enamel decor.
Yikun Palace (翊坤宫): Home to influential consorts (e.g., Empress Ulanara of Qianlong) and later merged with Chuxiu Palace.
Changchun Palace(长春宫): Used by Empress Dowagers Cixi and Ci’an during regency and adorned with Dream of the Red Chamber murals.
Architectural Adaptation: Modified in the late Qing for comfort (e.g., heated rooms, theaters).
Differences Between Eastern and Western Six Palaces
All in all, the Forbidden City’s layout and palaces reflect imperial authority, Confucian ideals, and the evolving tastes of China’s last dynasties—a timeless testament to architectural and cultural brilliance.
| Aspect | Eastern Six Palaces | Western Six Palaces |
| Layout | Symmetrical "two-courtyard" design (50mx50m). | Asymmetrical post-Qing modifications |
| Decoration | Traditional motifs (carved beams, murals) |
Opulent late-Qing styles (nanmu carvings, enamel) |
| Function | Mixed use (e.g., study halls) |
Emphasis on luxury and entertainment (e.g. theaters). |
5.5 Treasure Gallery of the Palace Museum
As a key thematic exhibition hall, the Treasure Gallery showcases the opulence and craftsmanship of Qing dynasty imperial treasures.
Location & Architectural Layout
Location: Situated in the Ningshou Palace complex in the northeastern corner of the Forbidden City, including the Huangji Hall, Yangxing Hall, Leshou Hall, and Yihexuan.
Architectural Features: Built for Emperor Qianlong’s retirement, the Ningshou Palace complex mimics the Forbidden City’s core palaces, blending ceremonial and residential layouts with classical garden elements (e.g., the winding streams of the Qianlong Garden).
Exhibition Zones & Highlights
Huangji Hall Galleries: Display jewelry, gold/silverware, jade carvings, and miniature landscapes.
Yangxing Hall, Leshou Hall, Yihexuan: Restored to their Qing-era settings, illustrating imperial daily life.
Collection Scale: 400+ artifacts, spanning ritual objects, religious items, and luxury utensils.
Iconic Exhibits & Craftsmanship
Royal Jewelry:
Five-Phoenix Headdress with Kingfisher Feathers: Adorned with gold filigree, pearls, and gemstones, symbolizing imperial grandeur.
Empress Xiaojing’s Dragon-Phoenix Crown: Features 3,426 pearls and 95 gemstones, exemplifying lost kingfisher feather (diancui) techniques.
Ritual Objects:
Qianlong’s “Golden Eternal Stability” Cup: Pure gold, jewel-encrusted cup used in New Year rituals to symbolize enduring rule.
Pearl-Inlaid Celestial Globe: Over 3,000 pearls map constellations, supported by nine dragons, reflecting Qianlong’s astronomical interests.
Masterpieces
Gold Filigree Phoenix Crown: It combines gold wirework and gemstone inlays.
Qianlong’s Golden Hair Pagoda: 1.33m-tall pagoda (3,440 taels of gold) storing his mother’s hair, blending Han and Tibetan craftsmanship.
Jade & Goldwork
“Great Yu Controls the Waters” Jade Sculpture: It weighs about 5,000 kg and is displayed in Leshou Hall.
Floral Gold Incense Burner: Shaped like a ruyi scepter, inlaid with tourmaline and pearls.
Cultural & Artistic Significance
Materials & Techniques: Gold, jade, pearls, and kingfisher feathers shaped by filigree, carving, and inlay techniques.
Symbolism: Designs embody auspicious motifs (e.g., bats for “fortune,” longevity characters) and imperial rituals.
5.6 Imperial Garden (Yuhua Yuan)
Location & History
Location: Northern end of the central axis, between Kunning Palace and Shunzhen Gate.
History: Built in 1420 (Ming dynasty), expanded in the Qing era as the private retreat for emperors and consorts.
Size: 80m (north-south) × 140m (east-west), covering 12,000 m² with symmetrical classical design.
Key Structures
Qin’an Hall (钦安殿): Central Taoist temple with a double-eaved roof, dedicated to the Dark Emperor (Xuantian Shangdi).
Pavilions: Wanchun Pavilion & Qianqiu Pavilion: Paired pavilions symbolizing “heaven-round, earth-square” cosmology.
Fubi Pavilion & Chengrui Pavilion (浮碧亭与澄瑞亭): Square pavilions over ponds for leisure.
Landscape Highlights
Duixiu Hill (堆秀山): Artificial 10m-high rockery with a summit pavilion for Double Ninth Festival(重阳节) celebrations.
Jiangxue Pavilion (绛雪轩): It features in the petrified wood bonsai from the Qing dynasty.
Garden Art & Philosophy
Flora: 160+ ancient trees (cypress, scholar trees) over 300 years old.
Pebble Mosaics: Paths decorated with auspicious patterns (dragons, phoenixes, deer) spelling blessings like “Five Fortunes Surrounding Longevity.”
Design Philosophy: It balances the rigid symmetry with natural spontaneity, embodying harmony between humans and nature.
Function & Accessibility
Historical Use: Hosted festivals, moon-viewing, and book storage in Chizaotang (摛藻堂).
Current Status: Open to visitors via Kunning Gate or Shunzhen Gate, offering a glimpse into imperial garden aesthetics.
The first-time visitors can explore all these treasures to witness the zenith of Chinese imperial luxury and the serene beauty of a bygone era.
6. Recommended Itineraries for Exploring the Forbidden City
6.1 Express Route (2 Hours)
Route: Meridian Gate (Wumen) → Hall of Supreme Harmony (Taihe Dian) → Hall of Central Harmony (Zhonghe Dian) → Hall of Preserving Harmony (Baohe Dian) → Palace of Heavenly Purity (Qianqing Gong) → Palace of Earthly Tranquility (Kunning Gong) → Imperial Garden (Yuhua Yuan) → Gate of Divine Prowess (Shenwumen).
Highlights: Covers the central axis landmarks, ideal for time-constrained visitors to grasp the grandeur of imperial architecture.
6.2 Half-Day In-Depth Route (3-5 Hours)
Route: Meridian Gate → Central Axis Three Halls → Clock Gallery → Treasure Gallery → Eastern Six Palaces (Yanxi Palace, Jingren Palace) → Imperial Garden → Gate of Divine Prowess.
Highlights: Combines the central axis with iconic exhibitions (treasures, clocks) and explores imperial concubines’ quarters.
6.3 Full-Day Immersive Route (6-8 Hours)
Route: Meridian Gate → Wuying Hall (Calligraphy & Painting Gallery) → Wenhuadian Hall (Ceramics Gallery) → Central Axis → Western Six Palaces (Cining Palace, Yikun Palace) → Eastern Six Palaces → Treasure Gallery → Ningshou Palace Complex → Imperial Garden → Gate of Divine Prowess.
Highlights: Comprehensive coverage of outer court, inner court, and thematic exhibitions, perfect for history enthusiasts.
6.4 Thematic Routes
Cultural Exhibitions Route
Route: Meridian Gate → Wuying Hall (Calligraphy & Painting Gallery) → Wenhuadian Hall (Ceramics Gallery) → Clock Gallery → Treasure Gallery.
Highlights: Focus on masterpieces like Along the River During the Qingming Festival scroll, Qianlong’s gold artifacts, and European clocks.
Harem Exploration Route
Route: Eastern Six Palaces (Yanxi Palace, Jingren Palace) → Western Six Palaces (Chuxiu Palace, Yikun Palace) → Palace of Earthly Tranquility → Imperial Garden.
Highlights: Unveils Qing imperial concubines’ lives, featuring the "Crystal Palace" ruins in Yanxi Palace and the residence linked to Empress Dowager Chongqing (inspiration for TV dramas).
Off-Peak Evening Route
Time: Fridays, Saturdays, and holidays (7:00 PM – 9:00 PM).
Route: Donghua Gate → Meridian Gate Square → Corner Towers → Gate of Divine Prowess.
Highlights: Capture the magical glow of golden roofs and red walls under night lighting.
Explore these itineraries to tailor your Forbidden City experience, whether you seek a quick overview, deep cultural immersion, or a serene nighttime stroll.
7. Best Time to Go
Seasonal Recommendations
Spring & Autumn (April-May, September-October)
Pros: Mild temperatures (15–25°C), ideal for extended outdoor exploration; blooming gardens in spring and crisp, clear skies in autumn.
Note: Avoid holidays (e.g., May Day, National Day) due to massive crowds, remember to book tickets 1–7 days in advance.
Off-Season (November–March)
Pros: Fewer crowds, easier ticket access, and a serene atmosphere.
Cons: Shorter hours (8:30 AM–4:30 PM); last entry at 3:40 PM.
Daily Time Slots
Morning Opening (8:30 AM)
Pros: Avoid peak crowds; prioritize central axis landmarks (Hall of Supreme Harmony, Palace of Heavenly Purity).
Tips: Arrive 30 minutes early at Donghua Gate or Working People’s Cultural Palace to skip long security lines.
Afternoon (1:00 PM onward)
Pros: Post-lunch lull with thinner crowds; ideal for photographing architectural details in soft lighting.
Avoid: 10:00 AM–1:00 PM (peak overlap of morning/afternoon visitors).
Closure & Special Arrangements
Regular Closure: Closed every Monday (except national holidays).
Unexpected Closures: Check the official website 3 days ahead if major events (e.g., parades, diplomatic receptions) at Tiananmen Square affect access.
Ticketing & Entry Tips
Booking: Choose morning (entry by 12:00 PM) or afternoon (entry after 11:00 AM) slots. Stick to your booked time.
Transport
Recommendation: Take bus to Donghua Gate or Working People’s Cultural Palace, and then walk to Meridian Gate (fewer security checks), which can prevent the subway routes to the Forbidden City from long detours and strict security.
Extreme Weather Tips
Summer (June–August)
Heat & Rain: Bring a sun umbrella, sunscreen, and water. Visit early or during light rain for cooler, emptier paths.
Winter (December–February)
Cold & Ice: Wear thermal layers and non-slip shoes. Watch for icy surfaces, especially near shaded areas.
8. Must-Visit Attractions Near the Forbidden City
8.1 Iconic Landmarks
Jingshan Park (景山公园)
Location: North of the Forbidden City’s Shenwumen Gate (3-minute walk).
Wanchun Pavilion (万春亭): Offers panoramic views of the Forbidden City.
Seasonal Beauty: Spring peony exhibitions and autumn ginkgo-lined avenues.
Beihai Park (北海公园)
Location: Northwest of the Forbidden City (15-minute walk).
White Dagoba: Iconic Tibetan-style stupa on Qionghua Island.
Nine-Dragon Wall: Glazed-tile wall with intricate dragon carvings.
Boating: Relive the classic Chinese song Let Us Paddle on the lake.
8.2 Historical & Cultural Sites
Zhongshan Park (中山公园, Altar of Land and Grain)
Location: West of the Forbidden City’s Meridian Gate (5-minute walk).
Five-Colored Earth Altar: Ming-Qing altar symbolizing China’s territorial unity.
Ancient Cypresses: Millennia-old trees and the Orchid Pavilion with Eight Pillars.
Tai Miao (太庙, Working People’s Cultural Palace)
Location: East of the Forbidden City’s Meridian Gate (5-minute walk).
Highlights: Hall of Imperial Ancestors: Imperial ancestral temple with China’s largest golden nanmu wood structure.
Photography: Stunning red-walled architecture for classic shots.
8.3 Leisure & Cultural Experiences
Nanluoguxiang (南锣鼓巷)
Location: Northeast of the Forbidden City (10-minute bike ride).
Highlights:
Hutong Culture: Traditional alleyways with street food, craft shops, and courtyard cafes.
Wangfujing Pedestrian Street (王府井步行街)
Location: East of the Forbidden City’s Donghua Gate (15-minute walk).
Historic Commerce: Modern malls (e.g., APM) and retro experiences at Heping Guoju Retro Experience Hall.
8.4 Recommended Itineraries
Classic Route
Shenwumen Gate → Jingshan Park (panoramic views) → Beihai Park (boating) → Nanluoguxiang (dinner).
Cultural Route
Meridian Gate → Zhongshan Park → Tai Miao → Wangfujing (shopping).
Pro Tip: Prioritize Jingshan Park, Zhongshan Park, and Tai Miao (all within walking distance) to blend imperial grandeur with local charm.
Explore these gems to experience Beijing’s seamless fusion of imperial history and vibrant urban life!
9. Practical Tips
Essential Guide to Visiting the Forbidden City
Ticket Booking
Advance Reservations: Book tickets 7 days in advance via the official WeChat mini-program “故宫博物院” (“The Palace Museum”).
Peak Season (April–October): RMB 60/person.
Off-Season (November–March): RMB 40/person.
Extra Fees: Treasure Gallery (RMB 10), Clock Gallery (RMB 10).
Closure: Closed every Monday (except national holidays and summer vacation periods).
Must-Bring Items
Essentials: ID card (required for entry), comfortable walking shoes, power bank (for photos), insulated water bottle (free hot water available).
Season
Winter: Hat, scarf, gloves.
Summer: Sunscreen, umbrella.
Recommended Routes
Avoid Tiananmen Security Checks: Enter via Donghua Gate or Working People’s Cultural Palace (RMB 2), then walk to the Meridian Gate to save 30+ minutes.
Public Transport
Subway: Line 1 to Tiananmen East Station (Exit B), walk along Nanchizi Street to Donghua Gate.
Bus: Alight at Donghua Gate Station.
Best Entry Times
Early Morning: Arrive at 8:30 AM to avoid tour groups.
Flexible Option: Afternoon tickets (entry after 11:00 AM) for fewer crowds.
Audio Guide Rental
Multilingual Guides: Available in 10 languages (RMB 20/device).
Post-Visit Highlight
Jingshan Park: After exiting via Shenwumen Gate, walk 5 minutes to Wanchun Pavilion for a breathtaking view of the Forbidden City (RMB 2).
10. The Possible Advantages of Visiting with Yes! CN Tour
Assisting you to enjoy a time-saving and convenient visit for the Palace Museum, we highly recommend you to travel with us Yes! CN Tour.
Guided tours are led by knowledgeable and experienced tour guides who provide valuable insights into the history, culture, and significance of the places you visit. Therefore, joining a guided tour offers a hassle-free, enriching, and socially engaging way to explore the world.
Whether you’re a seasoned traveler or a first-timer, a guided tour can provide you with a memorable and rewarding experience.
What's more, our local experienced drivers will serve you wholeheartedly from the beginning you arrive in the airport of tourism destinations to the last moment you want to leave, we focus on each detail and make tailor-made itineraries based on your group size, physical conditions and budgets. What you need to do is to concentrate on the highlights in the scenic spots.
